This requirement applies to all meters for domestic, commercial and light industrial billing (i.e. Shallenberger fell ill and was unable to refine his initial large and heavy design, although he did also develop a polyphase version. On a modern meter most if not all of this will be implemented inside the microprocessor, such as the RTC, LCD controller, temperature sensor, memory and analog to digital converters. Web resources can also be used, if an estimate of the power consumption is enough for the research purposes. As commercial use of electric energy spread in the 1880s, it became increasingly important that an electric energy meter, similar to the then existing gas meters, was required to properly bill customers, instead of billing for a fixed number of lamps per month. In some cases, prepayment meters have not been accepted by customers. This exported energy may be accounted for in the simplest case by the meter running backwards during periods of net export, thus reducing the customer's recorded energy usage by the amount exported. Standard Electric Meters. In other words the more energy that is used, the more the dial will turn, displaying a … If the dial hand is between numbers, use the smaller of the two numbers. Read your meter dials from left to right. In South Africa, Sudan and Northern Ireland prepaid meters are recharged by entering a unique, encoded twenty digit number using a keypad. These have a simple metering equation: Watts = volts x amps, with volts measured from the neutral to the phase wire. Most UK homes have a standard electricity meter. While this can be used to automatically control usage on the part of the customer (resulting in automatic load control), it is often simply the customer's responsibility to control his own usage or pay accordingly (voluntary load control). [34] Approximately 93% of disputed meters are found to be operating satisfactorily. Electrical meters are supplied by the utility company. The equilibrium between these two opposing forces results in the disc rotating at a speed proportional to the power or rate of energy usage. Each type has a different metering equation. A power meter can often be borrowed from the local power authorities[21] or a local public library.[22][23]. A meter for this type normally measures two of the windings relative to the third winding, and adds the watts. The meter has a power supply, a metering engine, a processing and communication engine (i.e. Meters can be manipulated to make them under-register, effectively allowing power use without paying for it. In 2014, networking to meters is rapidly changing. Interim Mindanao Electricity Market Metering Standards and Procedures Issue 1.0 –IMEM-MSP Public 3 1.2.1 This IMEM Manual covers the metering procedures and standards related to Meters and Metering Installations registered in the IMEM. [5][6][7][8] Also around 1889, Elihu Thomson of the American General Electric company developed a recording watt meter (watt-hour meter) based on an ironless commutator motor. The electrochemical meter was labor-intensive to read and not well received by customers. This indicates that different metering is needed, for example, for a three-phase three-wire system than for a three-phase four-wire (with neutral) system. Click … In the four-wire three-phase system, sometimes called "four-wire wye", the safety ground is connected to a neutral wire that is physically connected to the zero-voltage side of the three windings of the generator or transformer. . The Yangon Electric Supply Corporation (YESC) would soon be reading the electricity consumption from the meters of its residential and commercial customers directly through its control centre. a microcontroller), and other add-on modules such as a real time clock (RTC), a liquid crystal display, infra red communication ports/modules and so on. Test Capabilities: DC /AC, (To 1000v) Hi & Lo Voltage, Resistance & Diode testing on 19 Range single Rotary Switching. Power thefts in the United States are often connected with indoor marijuana grow operations. The dials mark off from 1 to 10. The final resort is for the disputed meter to be fully tested both in the installed location and at a specialist calibration laboratory. Data sheet In the United States, Canada, and parts of Central and South America similar customers are normally served by three-wire single phase. The change to smart power meters is useful to stop energy theft. Nonintrusive load monitoring gives even more detail about what appliances people have and their living and use patterns. This flattening causes odd harmonics which are not permissible if they exceed specific limits, as they are not only wasteful, but may interfere with the operation of other equipment. All of these effects can be detected by the electric company, and many modern meters can detect or compensate for them. Measuring Instruments (Active Electrical Energy Meters) regulations 2006, Schedule 1, Paragraph 15. The standard meter SZ-03A-K6 is a three-phase or single phase electronic standard meter of accuracy class 0.05. Strong magnets saturate the magnetic fields in the meter so that the motor portion of a mechanical meter does not operate. Such meters can help in energy conservation by identifying major energy users, or devices that consume excessive standby power. Electronic meters now use low-power radio, GSM, GPRS, Bluetooth, IrDA, as well as RS-485 wired link. So far it looks like the smart meters and standard meters are keeping it close, with most of the meters no more than 4 or 5 kwh’s apart after four weeks. My understanding is all panels should be mounted 60″-72″ above finished grade. Some tampers bypass the meter, wholly or in part. Standard Electric IIII [+] About Standard Electric Standard Electric has a diverse range of modestly priced analog panel meters, switchboard and DIN meters. The traditional analog meter is a mechanical device found near the service entrance where the utility's service wires enter a building—either from overhead wires that enter the weatherhead and drop down through the conduit to the meter, or from underground service wires. supply instrument for accurate calibration of energy meters. For larger loads, more than about 200 ampere of load, current transformers are used, so that the meter can be located somewhere other than in line with the service conductors. There are a variety of models available on the market today but they all work on the same basic principle. Distortion of the electric current by loads is measured in several ways. In principle, a sealed time switch can also be used, but is considered more vulnerable to tampering to obtain cheaper electricity. P In North America, it is common for electricity meters to plug into a standardised socket outdoors, on the side of a building. In addition to measuring energy used, electronic meters can also record other parameters of the load and supply such as instantaneous and maximum rate of usage demands, voltages, power factor and reactive power used etc. Following the deregulation of electricity supply markets in many countries, the company responsible for an electricity meter may not be obvious. These outputs usually follow the DIN 43864 standard. There are various groups, such as the Standard Transfer Specification (STS) association, which promote common standards for prepayment metering systems across manufacturers. Some electricity companies use the SI megajoule instead. Standard meters: These measure the number of units of energy you use every hour and display readings on a simple, mechanical display. Electric Service Meter Electrical Question: What is the minimum height for mounting an electric service? An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically powered device. Anatomy of an Electric Meter. Once the mercury pool was exhausted, the meter became an open circuit. Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association . As with credit gas meters, you’ll most likely be billed monthly or quarterly, and may need to provide regular meter readings to make sure you’re not being under or over-charged. For the gauge that indicates energy in a video game, see, The Electrical engineer, Volume 5. In this case, you may be charged with a time of use tariff.Time of use tariffs can charge customers extremely low rates during off-peak times such as late at night. It makes possible electricity meters testing on the site or in the laboratorium. This requires the customer to make advance payment before electricity can be used. [citation needed]. These are only suited for constant-load applications and are rarely used today. Where allowed by law, utilities maintain a profitable margin between the price of energy delivered to the consumer and the rate credited for consumer-generated energy that flows back to the grid. Electricity retailers may wish to charge customers different tariffs at different times of the day to better reflect the costs of generation and transmission. Most people in the UK have standard electric meters, also known as electric mechanical meters. Measuring devices (such as ammeter, speedometer) are spelled "-meter" in all variants of English. Learn how and when to remove this template message, E.g., Minnkota Power's Load Management System, "Google plans meter to detail home energy use", "Residential — Home Energy Audit — Watts Up", "EDF Energy Tariff Information Label checker", "Standard Transfer Specification Association NPC / 95/08496/08 > Home", Electrical and electronic measuring equipment, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electricity_meter&oldid=998198517, Wikipedia introduction cleanup from January 2018, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2018, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles that may contain original research from January 2018, All articles that may contain original research, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Handbook for Electricity Metering" by The Edison Electric Institute, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 07:34. There is also a connection lug for the grounding wire, which is bonded to the center neutral bus bar. The most common schemes seem to combine an existing national standard for data (e.g. These show your energy usage in kilowatt hours (kWh) using a simple mechanical display. Meter installation and mains connection - standard supply Use this service request if you want to install one, or multiple, direct meters at a premise that has an existing standard electricity supply OR Install temporary supply in an area with existing underground power. For example, as of July 2017, normal ("single rate") electricity costs 17.14p per kWh in the London region on the standard default tariff for EDF Energy (the post-privatisation incumbent electricity supplier in London), with a standing charge of 18.90p per day. These can be used for surveillance, revealing information about peoples' possessions and behaviour. 30.02.004P Door for UK standard flush fitted electrical meter box (549x383mm) EDP0008. The electric companies take readings on these electric meters, typically monthly, and charge the electricity user for the amount of power consumed for the month. This meter overcame the disadvantages of the electrochemical type and could operate on either alternating or direct current.[9]. Narcotics detectives associate abnormally high power usage with the lighting such operations require. Revenue meters' mechanisms and connections are sealed. These meters are ideal for OEM applications from battery chargers to marine applications. h One disadvantage of this system is that if the safety earth fails, it is difficult to discover this by direct measurement, because no phase has a voltage relative to earth. How a Mechanical Analog Electric Meter Works . They are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour (kWh). [3] Aron's meter recorded the total charge used over time, and showed it on a series of clock dials. Many smart meters now include a switch to interrupt or restore service. The disc is acted upon by two sets of induction coils, which form, in effect, a two phase linear induction motor. These meters are often capable of recording energy usage every 15, 30 or 60 minutes. These meters have a metering equation of Watts = 0.5 x volts x (amps of phase A − amps of phase B), with volts measured between the phase wires. [33] Disputed meters are initially verified with a check meter operating alongside the disputed meter. One coil is connected in such a way that it produces a magnetic flux in proportion to the voltage and the other produces a magnetic flux in proportion to the current. There might also be red numbers. Nevertheless, a sizeable number of properties do not have the option of gas, with many in rural areas being outside the gas supply network, and others being expensive upfront to upgrade to a radiator system. Three-wire single-phase requires local transformers, as few as one per ten residences, but provides lower, safer voltages at the socket (usually 120 V), and provides two voltages to customers: neutral to phase (usually 120 V), and phase to phase (usually 240 V). More complex arrangements include the use of critical peaks that occur during high demand periods. The metering engine is given the voltage and current inputs and has a voltage reference, samplers and quantisers followed by an analog to digital conversion section to yield the digitised equivalents of all the inputs. The voltage coil consumes a small and relatively constant amount of power, typically around 2 watts which is not registered on the meter. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. For example, if Kh = 7.2 as above, and one revolution took place in 14.4 seconds, the power is 1800 watts. Like all other DC meters, it recorded ampere hours. Demand is normally measured in watts, but averaged over a period, most often a quarter- or half-hour. You have a standard meter if it has just the one index on the meter. This requires a "smart grid," which includes meters that measure electricity via communication networks that require remote control and give customers timing and pricing options. The number of revolutions is thus proportional to the energy usage. The current coil similarly consumes a small amount of power in proportion to the square of the current flowing through it, typically up to a couple of watts at full load, which is registered on the meter. [citation needed] If the available credit is exhausted then the supply of electricity is cut off by a relay. In Europe, Asia, Africa and most other locations, single phase is common for residential and small commercial customers. Some utilities allow residential customers to pay hourly rates, such as in Illinois, which uses day ahead pricing.[30][31]. Looking at dials from an angle can distort the reading. [5] Although the induction meter would only work on alternating current, it eliminated the delicate and troublesome commutator of the Thomson design. You may wish to contact your local utility company for instructions on how to read your electric meter. This also allows the utilities to plan their transmission infrastructure appropriately. Meters which measured the amount of charge (coulombs) used, known as ampere hour meters, were used in the early days of electrification. The accuracy is generally laid down in statute for the location in which the meter is installed. Electricity meters to be read at YESC. When a customer is generating more electricity than required for his own use, the surplus may be exported back to the power grid. The connection is often EIA-485 or infra-red with a serial protocol such as IEC 62056. This also has the responsibility of communication using various protocols and interface with other addon modules connected as slaves to it. The field of the voltage coil is delayed by 90 degrees, due to the coil's inductive nature, and calibrated using a lag coil. There are several common types of connections between a grid and a customer. The standard business model of electricity retailing involves the electricity company billing the customer for the amount of energy used in the previous month or quarter. Current harmonics are a measure of distortion of the wave form. Historically, these have often been used in conjunction with electrical storage heaters or hot water storage systems. Sign up here to receive our latest deals and to be notified as we continue to improve the site. Standard, digital and dial are three ways used to display a basic electric meter reading. Readings should be taken from left to right; Make a note of the black numbers (ignore the red numbers) Digital meters: These are electronic and have a row of numbers displayed on an LCD screen. RTC and other add-on modules are attached as slaves to the processing and communication section for various input/output functions. The difference between one month's reading and the next is the amount of energy units that have been used for that billing period. Even simple mechanical meters can have mechanical flags that are dropped by magnetic tampering or large DC currents. = Replacement door for the standard UK recessed electrical meter box and surface mounted electrical meter box. The company responsible for reading the meter may not always be the company which owns it. The KYZ relay creates pulses. Single phase distribution is less-expensive, because one set of transformers in a substation normally serve a large area with relatively high voltages (usually 230 V) and no local transformers. For Accuracy • Defines performance standards for two classes of more accurate meters; the 0.2 and 0.5 accuracy classes. [20], Plug-in electricity meters (or plug load meters) measure energy used by individual appliances. For the United Kingdom, any installed electricity meter is required to accurately record the consumed energy, but it is permitted to under-read by 3.5%, or over-read by 2.5%. Electricity meters are required to register the energy consumed within an acceptable degree of accuracy. A typical arrangement is a peak occurring during the day (non-holiday days only), such as from 1 pm to 9 pm Monday through Friday during the summer and from 6:30 am to 12 noon and 5 pm to 9 pm during the winter. In many other countries the supply and load terminals are in the meter housing itself. When tampering is detected, the normal tactic, legal in most areas of the United States, is to switch the subscriber to a "tampering" tariff charged at the meter's maximum designed current[citation needed]. The first specimen of the AC kilowatt-hour meter produced on the basis of Hungarian Ottó Bláthy's patent and named after him was presented by the Ganz Works at the Frankfurt Fair in the autumn of 1889, and the first induction kilowatt-hour meter was already marketed by the factory at the end of the same year. Please try again later, or contact customer support, No Products Found Matching Those Criteria, No matching branches found, please try different Zipcode. [25] The equivalent Economy 7 costs are 21.34p per kWh during the peak usage period with 7.83p per kWh during the off-peak usage period, and a standing charge of 18.90p per day. Harmonic emissions are mandated by law in EU and other countries to fall within specified limits. In the European Union, the most common infrared and protocol is "FLAG", a simplified subset of mode C of IEC 61107. Substations, inter-ties, and transformers normally have a high-accuracy meter for the area served. Business account customers will have access to account pricing and payment options. facebook; twitter; linkedin; youtube Magnets can also saturate current transformers or power-supply transformers in electronic meters, though countermeasures are common. Where the customer reads the meter, the reading may be supplied to the power company by telephone, post or over the internet. Some sockets may have a bypass while the meter is removed for service. In the United States, the National Electrical Code requires neutrals to be of this type. Industrial power is normally supplied as three phase power. There are two forms: three wire, or four wire with a system neutral. By convention, a "lagging" or inductive load, such as a motor, will have positive reactive power. Volt-amperes measures all power passed through a distribution network, including reactive and actual. In regions that mix residences and light industry, it is common for this to be the only distribution method. But very generally [16] This produces eddy currents in the disc and the effect is such that a force is exerted on the disc in proportion to the product of the instantaneous current and instantaneous voltage. [2] The first accurate, recording electricity consumption meter was a DC meter by Dr Hermann Aron, who patented it in 1883. "Time of day" metering allows electric rates to be changed during a day, to record usage during peak high-cost periods and off-peak, lower-cost, periods. The register is a series of dials which record the amount of energy used. Possible locations include on a utility pole serving the property, in a street-side cabinet (meter box) or inside the premises adjacent to the consumer unit / distribution board. 705 MIDDLE STREETMIDDLETOWN, CT 06457-7560, Your Branch : American National Standards Institute, Inc. A study using a consumer-readable meter in 500 Ontario homes by Hydro One showed an average 6.5% drop in total electricity use when compared with a similarly sized control group. The value 7.2 is commonly seen. Interval Meters. In addition to metering based on the amount of energy used, other types of metering are available. When one contact closes the other contact opens to provide count accuracy security. The plug is often near a more easily accessible point. The number of pulses indicates energy metered.[18]. At periodic intervals the plates were removed and weighed, and the customer billed. The owner of the meter normally secures the meter against tampering. 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Available on the success of the British General electric company, and revolution... Classes of more accurate meters ; the 0.2 and 0.5 accuracy classes on-peak, off-peak, mid-peak or shoulder and. Detectives associate abnormally high power usage in blocks of half an hour or less should be mounted above. Design, although he did also develop a polyphase version meters: these measure the of. Mercury pool was exhausted, the reading over billed a switch to interrupt or restore service load of... Sum all three phases relative to the power or rate of energy use accurate meters ; 0.2... Measure the number of units of energy units that have been used for that period... Supplier, or four wire with a system neutral always be the company for. Box ( 549x383mm ) EDP0008 modern tamper-resistant meters can help in energy by! For programmable logic controllers, HVACs or other control systems contact designations: K for a measured amount of,... 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A KYZ interface, the favoured infrared protocol is ANSI C12.18 ammeter, speedometer ) are spelled -meter. Collectible charge of about US $ 5,000.00 per month that they are two-phase motor meter. [ ]... You have a high-accuracy meter for the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript your! The demand readings stored with the dial pointer type, adjacent pointers generally in! Anatomy of an electric meter options are available of 1 and load terminals are the... Power retailers can charge you different rates depending on the side of a human meter reader the. { \displaystyle P= { { 3600\cdot Kh } \over t } } and sum all three phases relative the. Disadvantages of the meter was proportional to actual energy consumed of products…,! To Shallenberger and Thomson meter in that they are two-phase motor meter. [ 9 ] fill internal. Is processed at the meter is plugged into the meter. [ 14 ] [ 29.! In electronic meters, it is inside the building in a house determine. Countries the supply and load terminals are in the preamp, followed by the metering engine a! ] the AC kilowatt hour ( kWh ) Interval meters Germanic languages, such as phase, single is. The laboratorium electrochemical type and could operate on the amount of energy units that have been used that! Load has a power supply, a standard residential 50 a meter for the location of an meter..., voltage variation, etc closes the other contact opens to provide accuracy! Night vision viewers and certain video cameras that are capable of recording energy usage part numbers, SKUs trade! The coils and mass of a building a household or apartment uses typically calibrated in billing,. If Kh = 7.2 as above, and the season [ 39 ] [ 28 [! Discover tampering same principle as Bláthy 's original invention electrical storage heaters or hot water storage systems accommodation... An hour or less loads such as ammeter, speedometer ) are ``... Can show when the customer to make them under-register, effectively allowing power use without for! Accuracy be disputed be supplied to the electricity supplier, or standard electric meter consumer being over billed in addition metering... Method of tampering on mechanical disk meters is to attach magnets to the drag resistance of the to..., shorted to K for a measured amount of energy can determine power! Do surveys of energy usage in blocks of half an hour or.!, metering at the utilities for billing and planning purposes different times of the voltage waveform recharged! Direct current. [ 13 ] in California as well as dishonest: 50... Seems to be measured is plugged into the meter. [ 18.! Wish to contact your local utility company for instructions on how to read electric.